SELF MOTIVATION - Top 10 Tips to Quit Smoking

Article by surbhi jalan

In Australia, smoking is the leading cause of death and disease. It was estimated in 2003 that cigarettes was responsible for over 4.9 million deaths every year because of presence of nicotine in it. Nicotine is one of the most addictive, damaging and extensively available legal drugs in the world. Smoking is a very bad habit and is injurious to not only the smoker’s health but also people around him. Quitting smoking is annoying for those who develop it as a habit but it is not impossible. Every research shows the benefits of quitting smoking and not the drawbacks of getting rid of it. Be it a teenager or a chain smoker- quitting is tough for everyone. But the more you learn about the goods and bads of quitting, the easier the course will be. With the right planning, you can get rid of the addiction, handle your cravings, and join the Lakhs of people who have got rid of the habit for good. So if you smoke, think again and quit as soon as possible. Approach in the best possible way and there you go. The following 10 tips will help you to go ahead and succeed:

10. Exercise

According to experts daily exercise of ten minutes helps people quit smoking. It reduces the need to smoke. Exercise can include anything, even walking or cycling is sufficient to reduce the urge to smoke. Physical exercises trigger changes in brain activity which reduces craving for cigarette. Researchers also believe that exercise leads to a shift in blood flow to the brain areas which are less involved in pleasure generated by smoking. Apart from this exercise has many other benefits also including better fitness and weight loss. So, a ten to fifteen minutes exercise everyday can really help you to stay fir and be away from smoking.

9. Tell people

Go public about your plan of quitting. Tell your friends and family that you have decided to you to quit smoking. They’ will encourage you and will also have a positive impact. They will also keep a check on you and make sure that you do not smoke in front of them. Even recent researches proved that talking to others about quitting was helpful and our well wishers could help in keeping us away from the temptation to smoke. Being public about the attempt to quit with the close ones help in addressing the issue easily and comfortably.

8. Set a date

Don’t wait for someone to come and tell you or for a perfect day- just decide a date and go ahead with it. Make up your mind completely to quit and avoid companies of such people or such situations where you are tempted to smoke. If you usually smoke in a particular chair or place, don’t sit in that chair or avoid going to that place. Change your normal routine, so that your new routine doesn’t include smoking.

7. Try drugs

Visit a doctor and with his assistance can take the help of medication or drugs also. Now a days, a lot many drugs and medications have come up which are prescribed and are available in the market that helps to quit smoking.  Nicotine patches can be used to double the success rate of quitting. The labeling must be checked whether it’s current or not and excessive use of patch could lead to nicotine overdose. Some literatures have shown that concurrent use of patch and cigarette smoking are safe to health. There are also other Ayurvedic treatments to quit smoking. Your doctor can prescribe medication that can help you to withdraw and advise other alternatives. You can also visit a doctor, who can suggest you ways to get rid of smoking including the nicotine patch, lozenges and gum.

6. Pamper yourself

Each time you are not smoking give yourself a treat. And then after success-full completion of a week or a month of not smoking – reward yourself. Buy a gift for yourself. It can be anything a dress, a piece of jewellery or even a treat at your famous food joint. Purchase your reward from the money you have saved from quitting. Even better a better solution to it is collect whatever you would have spent on cigarettes each day, and put it in a box. This Rewards box belongs to you. Celebrate your each and every success because you deserve it or we can say you have earned it.

5. Join a Forum

Once you have decided to quit smoking, join a form or an online group. It is of great help, when you are feeling miserable you are not alone. You have plenty of other friends in your forum who are going through the same pain. After all, misery loves company. Take help from ex-smokers and current ones who are trying to quit. They are a great source of encouragement and support. Join the discussion and talk to them, discuss various issues and ways to deal with the overcoming miseries. Not only that get to know others also, post your crappy experience, and read about others.

4. Keep a money box

You do not even realize the amount of money you spend on cigarettes. If you start saving or donating that money, it can actually make a difference in someone’s life. The best way to save is to keep a money box. You can keep all the money you spend on smoking in that box. Each time you take out money from your wallet to buy a pack of cigarette; don’t buy, rather save that money in a box. Later, you can either use that money or give it for charity purposes.

3. Read success stories

Every success story you read, it inspires you more to quit smoking. Everyday there are few people who give up smoking and write their success mantras. Make sure to read them as they will help to motivate you. There are millions of people who have quit smoking and over half of the adults have learnt to live without cigarette, and you can do it too. Quitting smoking is the one of the most important and vital step you can take to protect your future, health and the health of your family.

2. Keep in mind the benefits of quitting

Quitting smoking has a number of positive effects than you can possibly imagine. Keep those benefits in mind every time you smoke and it will encourage you not to smoke. And always remember that quitting is not a big deal. You can always find a replacement for cigarette like an apple or a chewing gum or anything which you can pop in your mouth when feel like smoking. You can also make a list of all the bad effects of smoking like it increases risk of cancer, reduces fertility, affects mental capacity and memory, increases risk of heart attack and depression and results in low birth weight babies. So, whenever you’re lured to light up, have a look at the different ways smoking can damage your health.

1. Make a list of all things you like about smoking

Making a list of all things you like about smoking and finding an alternative to them can be really helpful. Divide a sheet of paper into two sides, write all the things you like about smoking on one side like it helps in killing time, reduce tension, helps to deal with pressure etc and on the other side, try to write an alternative to smoking for those things like spending time with friends can help to reduce tension, watching a movie to kill time etc. Think about the list over a period of time and make changes. Taking assistance and feedback from your family and friends can also be helpful. You can also write down some new hobbies that you can take up instead of smoking like exercise, chatting, reading, knitting – something that can keep your hands and mind occupied.

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SELF MOTIVATION - Top 10 Ways to Have a Productive Day

Article by Rakhi Chakraborty

How happy do you feel with life at the end of a long hard day? Do you feel complete and fulfilled, satisfied with what you have achieved? Or do you feel empty and disappointed, angry at yourself for not being distracted easily? Perhaps your life is composed of good days and bad, times when you have felt both those things. Perhaps it is not days you think of in particular, but life in general that you feel is short-changing you. But little things matter. It is the days that lead to years and how you choose to spend them will have a telling effect on how your life turns out.

You know that implementing certain habits and ways will make your day far more productive than what you usually manage on a regular basis. You also know that you will be better off by doing so. Then what is the barrier that comes in between you and your goals? The answer is simple. It is the human mind. The mind is very good at making excuses and convincing the person why they should not do something. It is why most diets don’t work or why New Year resolutions do not be fulfilled. The mind is a master manipulator and procrastinator. It is extremely reluctant to step out of its comfort zone, the resultant victim being You. If you try out these top ten tips for having a productive day, you have to shut put your mind. For a while at least. Concentrate on cold hard logic and reasoning. By doing so for a considerable length of time, you will have cultivated such good habits that having productive days every day will become a norm. Even your mind won’t be dissuading you any more, since it will have adapted to your new ways. So what are you waiting for? Shut out the traitorous mind and follow your heart. A new and improved quality of life awaits.

10. Be Disciplined

There was a time when detested everything about the word Discipline. I was a student and not the master of my own choices. One had to be disciplined to study, bathe, eat, sleep and pee. I remember feeling so liberated when I moved to college and decided discipline will have nothing more to do in my life. The first few months passed by in a haze of independence. Then slowly the changes started registering. The slowed tired body, always sleepy, lack of appetite, insomnia at night, terrible grades, procrastination and lack of overall enthusiasm. The decision to be self-disciplined was very hard to take. It went beyond every grain of belief I held that creativity cannot be bound by the rigours of discipline and that life is best lived spontaneous. Now, a couple of years later, I am a sworn fan of the disciplined way of life. The way it allows one to manage tasks, cultivate good habits and improve health and wellness, it actually allows for way more spontaneity and creativity than an ill disciplined life ever could. Try it. You won’t be disappointed.

9. Wake Up Early

When in a recent comment Jennifer Lawrence said that she goes to sleep by eleven pm every night, I was surprised at the number of eyebrows raised at the statement. In modern times it has become something of an embarrassment to admit to going to sleep early. But don’t compromise with your body and your productivity in an effort to be cool. Studies show that people who wake up early lead far more full and productive lives than ones who are night owls. The human body is naturally acclimatized with the cycle of the sun. When you stay awake till late in the night, it is a strain your body can ill afford. If you manage to wake up early, you will perfectly synced with the world around you. It is a wonderful way to start the day and an amazing way to be productive throughout.

8. Exercise

A sharp and witty mind is of little consolation if the body is ill and sluggish. You will be at the top of your productive game when a fit and healthy body accompanies that sharp clear mind of yours. Most of us lead sedentary lifestyles being cooped up in air conditioned offices or classrooms and libraries. An enormous number of gadgets at our disposal also ensure minimum human effort where daily duties are concerned. All you need to do is exercise twenty minutes a day to increase blood flow and keep the body in good shape. The more time you add to this activity, the better you will look and feel. Your skin will look great, you will have increased stamina, your chances of various diseases will decrease considerably and your lifespan will increase tenfold. If going to the gym bores you to death, try walking, jogging, hiking, jumping rope, yoga. Aerobics, salsa dancing, swimming, kick boxing or playing a favorite sport. If you feel you have time for none of these, then even doing strenuous household chores will take care of your daily exercise needs.

7. Breakfast

This has been said before. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. How you choose to start your day will determine how productive you are. Waking up early with plenty of time in hand to go about your morning ablutions versus kicking the alarm clock aside and snatching a few extra zzzzz…. Though the latter sounds more attractive, it will rob you of the time to sit and enjoy a power packed meal that will fuel your body throughout the day. Breakfast should be a nutritious meal full of proteins, vitamins and some carbs. Having energy in the first half of the day is so important because it determines the pace of your work. If you are feeling tired, hungry and crabby, as missing breakfast will make you feel, you will not make any worthwhile headway in your work. As the day passes, your stress will only mount, ensuring you finish it on an awful note. If you miss breakfast chronically, then it will have serious health implications in the long run. Sit down to a meal of oats, fruits, brown bread and beans or eggs in the morning and feel good throughout the day.

6. Prioritize

This simple tip, if followed religiously, will remove stress magically from your life. It will also ensure that your work is top quality. Target to do the most important things first and the easier tasks later. The serial procrastinator that I was, this seemed horrific at first. My scheme of operation was exactly the opposite. But finishing off my favourite things first gave me nothing to look forward to at the end except mountains of unlikeable work. It was especially hard to accomplish anything worthwhile with such a negative outlook. In the morning, when your mind is fresh and the day long and wide, finish off difficult and important tasks. They take longer. This way you will be able to devote more time and research to them. Keep the fun easy stuff for later. You will have a blast doing it, knowing that no backlog will haunt your dreams.

5. Organize

Organization is a crucial element of productivity. Keep your things clutter free and in specific places meant only for them. This goes for your stationery, clothes, shoes and other important things. Not only will this maximise space and comfort, you won’t have to spend valuable time looking for things you might have misplaced. Chart out your schedule clearly. Meetings, memos, tasks and duties should all have a clearly designated time. By leading a well-organized life not only will you be able to exploit your productivity to its complete potential, it will also reduce friction and tension in your tasks and interactions.

4. Routine

This tip goes hand in hand with the organization and prioritization tips. By routine, I don’t mean chalk out every second of every day of your life. But do have a clear drawn out itinerary of your day and what you will roughly be doing at what points of time. Keep enough time for recreation and leisure activities, but schedule the important tasks at the beginning of the day. The principle difference between prioritizing and routine is that the former can be changed on a daily basis. However the routine should be similar for all regular days. Your body will accustom itself to meal times, sleep habits, relaxation and busy periods of work. Your routine should be functional, but not necessarily rigid. Make what changes you want to within the bounds of a flexible framework. As you completely master a certain routine for your life, you will find yourself accomplishing tasks much faster than before and doing them far more efficiently. The combo of discipline, routine, priority and organization will make a magical productive being out of you, you’ll see.

3. Recreation

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Your day should be a balance of work and play. Periods of recreation will boost positive moods, give a much needed break from work and spurt enthusiasm. By recreation I don’t mean face booking. Social media is a magnetic world and will draw you in, make you lose sense of time. Try to spend at less time online on interactions as possible. Catch up on reading, follow a hobby, listen to music, play with your children and pets or simply sit alone and reflect in solitude. Engaging in pleasurable and positive activities will enhance your creativity, thereby increasing your productivity by default.

2. Love What You Do

Renowned filmmaker Shekhar Kapoor said that he dropped the word career from his vocabulary at the age of twenty four. Today he is a much happier man because of it. His accomplishments speak for themselves. Take a page from his book. Do what you love and love what you do. When you wake up in the morning, the thought of the day ahead should excite you. You should feel stimulated at the tasks that lie ahead. Your brain should welcome the challenge and your heart should revel at the thought of doing things it loves. If you have to drag yourself out of bed with a groan and talk yourself into facing a gruelling day, then know that you are doing something wrong. Life is too short to be miserable. Either change your attitude or change your life. Mary Poppins said that for everything that has to be done, there’s a fun way of doing it. Though in the movie it applied only to little children, I don’t think why adults should be exempt from it. When you are following your dreams and passion in life, then it becomes infinitely more easy to be productive than if you were forcing yourself to do something you don’t really like.

1. Eyes on the Goal

Ultimately, days are not isolated components of your life. The intention behind mastering the art of having productive days is to have a happy and successful life. Thus, the best way to keep having such days is to keep your eyes on the goal. You are reading this article because you want advice on how to live your life a certain way. Something propelled that decision. Whenever you are on the point of wavering, remind yourself of that reason. For me it was when I had a nasty epiphany. I realized that if I kept living my life exactly as I do now, then in three years’ time, nothing would change. Though I had a bevy of goals and lists planned, none of them would ever see the light of the day if I changed nothing and continued to live my days exactly as I do them now. Pretty scary thought huh? Don’t let the idea of a mediocre future intimidate you. Tackle the problem at the grassroots. Take each day as it comes, focus on doing the small little tasks well. The big things will automatically take care of themselves. When you tire of the monotony or want to break the rules for a spot of fun, think of the goal you have in mind and how your actions will affect the consequences. No harm in enjoying yourself every once in a while. But when the exception becomes the routine, that’s when you have to be cautious.

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PEOPLE - Top 10 Reasons Why People Fail In Life

Article by Kavya Parnami

Everyone wants to achieve great heights in his or her life and want to be famous and rich. There is no such person who does not want to be successful . But achieving success is not an easy task and it requires a lot of dedication and hard work and most importantly the determination to achieve it. Many a times when people fail in life, the first question that they ask themselves is that what did they do wrong? There are many a things that makes a successful person different from a failed one which includes the way of thinking, way of handling different situations, lifestyle that the person follows and many more factors are there that contribute in deciding that whether the person will achieve success of will fail in life. This article will point out the top ten reasons that people do wrong which consequently will make them to fail in life and will only leave them with disappointment and regrets. With the help of this article people will know about the things that have to be avoided and will thus be able to achieve great success.

10. NEGATIVE THINKING

Negative thinking is an important reason why people fail in life. As we all are aware that optimism and having faith in God are considered as the important factors that can lead one to success. If a person is not ready to think positively, then it is very difficult for him or her to achieve success as all the negative thoughts that the person gets over shadows the person’s ability to think in a positive way and also prevent the person to think of new ideas and ways to achieve success. A pessimistic person is only left with failure which can also lead the person to depression.

9. NOT BEING AWARE OF ONE’S WEAKNESS AND STRENGTHS

To achieve success in life, it is very important for everyone to know about their weak and strong points. By doing so, people can focus on their strong points and enhance their positive aspects all the more and also they can work to improve their weak points. But if people are not aware of their strong and weak sides, then they will never know that what areas need improvement in their personality. And if the weak and strong sides of the personality are not looked up and worked upon properly, then no one can ever achieve success in life. That is the reason why people fail in life as they do not know what has to be done to improve their personality, since they are just not aware about the good and bad or weak and strong qualities of their character.

8. UNCLEAR GOALS

When someone is not aware of what he or she wants in life, then how can he or she will achieve success? To achieve great heights, it is very important, that one must to that to what height he or she wants to go. Without setting a goal, there is no point of working hard. If people are not aware of their purpose in life and what they want to do in life, then what will they work for. That is why most of the people fail in life as they have not decided any goal and just keep following other peoples without using their own brains and understanding their potential. Sir Isaac Newton did the same and followed his father and started running his family farm which turned out to be complete failure. But when he got his goals cleared, he then became a famous Physics Scholar. Therefore, clearing goals is very important else one will only get failure.

7. DISORGANIZED LIFESTYLE

To achieve anything in life, it is very important that one must first set a goal in his or her life and then start working to achieve it in an organized manner. When someone is depressed or is suffering from mental disorders or when someone’s social and emotional life is completely cluttered, then that person usually becomes disorganized. That person is then not able to offer full dedication towards his or her goal. So, it is very important that disorganization in one’s life have to be taken care of as soon as possible as it takes away the productive environment from one’s life in which the person can enhance his or her quality of life and achieve success. Many people do not know that J.K Rowling was divorced, unemployed and she was raising her daughter with the help of Social Security Benefits when she started writing her first Harry Potter Novel. We see here that if she would have let this disorganized lifestyle conquer her, she would have never achieved success. Thus, one should prevent disorganized lifestyle, as it does nothing except leading one towards failure.

6. FIXED MINDSET

Success only comes to those who have the ability to adapt themselves according to the environment and the needs. If a person have a fixed mindset towards anything, then he or she will never be able to achieve success as he or she do not possess the ability to modify himself or herself according to the needs. Having a fixed mindset towards moral values and principles is a very good thing and everyone should try and adopt it but if someone has a fixed mind set about old techniques and is not ready to adopt new ideas and new thinking, then that person can never be successful. An interesting thing to know is that Walt Disney was dismissed by a newspaper editor as he was considered to have a fixed mindset and was believed to have lack of imagination. But Walt Disney changed that about him and now his ideas and imagination are admired by every single child. So, in order to achieve success, one must let go of fixed mindset.

5. GIVING UP

It is a very well known saying that God help those who help themselves. If a person will give up easily without putting in much effort, then God will also not help him or her achieve what that person wants in life. To get anything, one must have to work hard for it and that too with full dedication and determination. Those people who give up early are the ones who fail in life as they do not trust their capabilities nor do they have faith in God. Same was the case with Albert Einstein. Most of the people are not aware that Albert Einstein was not able to speak till the age of four and could not write till the age of nine. But he did not give up. If he would have, then we would have never known The Albert Einstein, the greatest scientist of all times. Thus, one should never give up, as it only leads to failure.

4. NO DAILY ROUTINE

Setting up the goal is only the first step, a lot more has to be done after that. Success only come to those, who after setting up a goal prepares a routine and then follow it. Compromising with the pre scheduled routine can never lead to success. This is also a reason why people fail, as they do not set up a routine and even if they do, they do not follow it and thus face time management problems in life which ultimately leads to failure.

3. STRESS

Stress and tension are also the main causes of failure. Every person have problems which are the main reasons of stress but the important thing is how capable is the person to deal with it. No person in this world is devoid of stress but what matters is how to cope up with it. People who achieve success in life know how to deal with stress. Stress can be reduced in many like by listening to music, by meditation, by yoga and many more ways that makes the person happy. Therefore, stress can also lead to failure, but the people who can deal with it become successful whereas the others face disappointment in life.

2. RUNNING BEHIND MONEY

Though money is an important aspect of everyone’s life but one should never compromise with his or her moral values to achieve success. All those people who run behind money will do every possible thing in their hand, whether good or bad to achieve success. They may even get success, but that will be only for a short time because there is no shortcut to success as it can only be achieved with dedication and hard work. And then at the end, all they get is failure. Thus, running behind money is also a reason that may lead to failure in life.

1. LACK OF ENERGY

A person having more energy will obviously be able to concentrate on work more efficiently than the one who is physically and mentally weak or ill. A proper healthy and nutritious diet, exercising daily, listening to music that is thus maintaining balance with everything will increase the energy level and thus will keep the person more active and fit. Lack of any of these things can affect the person’s health and will make the person weak and infirm. Thus, having less energy will lower the productivity of the person of doing work more efficiently and effectively and will thus lead to failure.

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PERSONAL IMPROVEMENT - What is conformity? List three reasons people conform. What are three factors that increase the likelihood of conforming?

Yun Wan answered

Conformity is the term given to the act of matching one's character and personality attributes to one that is socially accepted and perceived as "normal" in the current situation or group. This could include the alteration of one's attitude, belief or general behavior. Conformity is generally considered to be most common in adolescent years and teenagers as they aim to be accepted by peers and social groups. Most people, including adults, however do sometimes conform to some standard. 

Conforming could involve altering such aspects of oneself as their generalbehaviors, their opinions, such physical attributes as hair length and fashion style, religious and ethical views, etc. 

There are many reasons and situations in which people may conform. In adolescent years, people conform by altering their personalities andopinions in order to fit in better with social groups. This allows people to gain security within a group and deflect criticism from peers and/or bullying.

Not all forms of conformation are negative. Such positive forms of conformation could be conforming to set of unwritten rules on how to behave in certain situations. For example, driving on the correct side of the road, giving tips to waiters and waitresses, holding doors open for other people, etc. Although these seem like common courtesy and/or lawful obligations, people are conforming to these in the sense that they allow thebehavior of other people to affect their own. 

Another example is the conforming to desirable authorities, for example laws on such negative acts as murder, theft, drinking and driving, etc. Although law enforces these rules, people are happy to conform to thenegative views expressed to the breaking or disregard of them. This can also be applied to other social views such as homophobia, racism, and sexism. 

There are many factors that may increase the likelihood of people conforming. Social pressure to try something new, altering opinion or a change in belief is one example. Media has a strong effect on peopleopinions and beliefs, whether it's consciously or subconsciously. For example, a news report on a new medical epidemic becoming apparent may influence the conformation by people to panic and/or believe that they carry the disease. In certain situations people conform to certain behaviorsthat they don't personally agree with or are usually part of. This can be apparent in many social situations such as participation in inside jokes, etc, in places of work and schools.

Amanda Wells answered

Conformity is adapting your behaviour, lifestyle etc to fit in with people around you. People conform out of fear, desire for approval and genuine belief that others are right, among others. Likelihood of conforming is increased by a deeply ingrained religious or other cultural belief that one's society/community etc knows best, or by a clear system of rewards for conforming, or by some kind of crisis or change situation that makes people less willing to go against the majority.

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PERSONAL IMPROVEMENT - What Are The Environmental Factors That Affect Communication?

Joe Gilbert answered

There are several environmental factors that can enhance or detract fromcommunication. Some of the barriers to effective communication include echoes, long distance barriers, noise, poor lighting, and visual noise.

Poor lighting takes away visual cues and body language that many people need, especially people who may be hard of hearing. Any visual displays cannot be seen well in poor lighting conditions taking even more away from the communications process. Noise is another environmental factor that adversely effects communication. The noise can be traffic noise outside an office or place of business which blends into what is called white noise, or the noise of an annoying co-worker talking on their cell phone to a family member. Noise is simply anything that can be heard that is distracting and takes attention away from the intended communications. 

Long distance can detract from effective communications in that it takes longer for verbal communication to reach its target and sometimes visual cues and body language are taken out of the equation. Technology has improved phone service to the public over the past few decades wherecommunication via voice is now reliable to anywhere in the world, but without visual clues and body language the communication process is not at an optimum. 

Visual noise can refer to anything that is distracting in a visual manner such as traffic going by outside an office window or a fight between co-workers. Once a person becomes interested in something other than the person talking to them, the communication process stops. 

The key to effective communications is to recognize and eliminate all or as much of these environmental factors that take away from the communications process. While there may be some factors that you cannot control, the fact is there are many of them you can and should eliminate.

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PERSONAL IMPROVEMENT - What Are The Political Factors That Influences Learning?

Katie Harry answered

The political style and control of a government on education really affects the way the curriculum are designed and the way the different schools are controlled and managed. The political policies also affect the social positionand class of different educational institutions and helps in determining these things. All these factors in turn have an effect on the way the Learning process in the educational institutions proceeds. 

The Special Educational Needs and Disability Act was designed for stopping discrimination and provide education to children who have any disabilities and need special education. This act mainly specifies the ways in which the special children should be treated and the curriculum that should be taught to them, the exercises they can do, their meals and many other factors. All these things play a very important role in the learning of these studentsbecause the way they are treated and handled plays a very important role in their learning process which might be slow but is present.

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SELF IMPROVEMENT - What Are The Factors That Influence Contingency Planning?

Nouman Umar answered

The contingency planning is very important thing in the modernmanagement. The multinationals are very focused to the contingencyplanning factors and they have the departments which are working for thecontingency planning. Contingency planning is important to meet the unforeseen factors of the business. 

So contingency planning is all about the risk determination in any form of business whether it is in the form of tough competition, political factors, cultural factors, social factors and natural factors which can directly or indirectly can influence the business. So the contingency planning is very important for the business. So this helps the business to reduce the risk for the business. Especially for those countries who are doing business in the countries where the political system is not stable. 

So this is why the contingency planning is important in the business. Companies make plans for the future and try to highlight the issues which have possibilities to have influence the business in any form this is called the contingency. They make plans how to reduce a certain risk, how can they avoid the risk or they can decrease the ratio of the risk. So this is an important part of the planning and is usually done at the top management.

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SELF IMPROVEMENT - What Are The Factors That Influence Self-disclosure?

Mehreen Misbah answered

The factors that influence self-disclosure are a great many and the magnitude of their impact varies with different people, given the different personalities and preferences that they have. 

For instance, if one factor has an instrumental impact on one person, it is not really necessary that the other person feels the same way or is affected the same way by that very factor just as the first person did. Nevertheless in a general scenario, there are several important factors that more or less have an influence on everyone when it comes to self-disclosure.

Group size: Self-disclosure occurs in small groups more than large groups. The smaller the group is, the more the probability that the listeners would give the person their undivided attention and the more the chances of creating less havoc.

Liking: People have a strong tendency to disclose to people they like and love and with whom they share a deep bond of trust.

Nature of environment: When a person is involved in self-disclosure, he /she is actually taking a risk of exposing their vulnerable side to the persons they are disclosing to. An environment, which is more relaxed and less competent, has a greater probability of self-disclosure than highly competent and formal environments.

Other factors that affect self-disclosure include compatibility of age (the closer the age is, the greater the chances), topics (often individuals feel more comfortable in self-disclosure if the topic is of their interest), culture, gender (women are involved in self-disclosure to a greater degree than men).

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